Typewriter



April 23, 1940. EVANS 2,198,005

TYPEWRITER Filed Sept. 20. 1937 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. KELLEY 0 Era/v5 ATTORNEYS April 23, 1940. K. D. EVANS TYPEWRITER Filed Sept. 20. 195'? 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. ATELLEY Q EVA/vs ATTORNEYS April 23, 1940. Y K. D. EVANS 2,198,005

TYPEWRITER Filed Sept. 20. 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 t; I I INVENTOR.

A w KELLEYQE'VQ/AE s BY wwgw 3g ATTORNEYS tion of a complete ill 4 Fig. 2 is a rearview;

Fetchin Apr. 2?, T".-

TYPEWRITEE Kelley D. Evans, Hamilton, Ohio, assignor of, one-half to C. E. Hooven, Hamilton, Ohio Application September 20, 1937, Serial No. 164,730

3 Claims This invention relates totypewriters and particularly to improvements and line spacing mechanisms.

The subject matter of this application is a portypewriter other parts of which are claimed in a companion application Serial No. 164,729 filed of (now Patent No. 2,158,066). In this typewriter I employ apower-operated actuator for accomplishing under the control of the operator the major portion of the functions or operations required in typewriting, including the swinging of the type bars to printing position, letter and word spacing, case shifting, line spacing, and carriage return. i

The principal object of the present invention even date herewith in the carriage return keysl2 and the space bar l3, there being in the is to do away with the.necessity of the operator's hand being lifted from the keyboard in bringing about the line spacing and the carriage return, and to provide an improved power-operated mechanism controlled by a key of the keyboard for the performance of these operations.

A further object is to provide a carriage return mechanism which is associated with and forms a part of the line spacing mechanism and which functions to first line-space the platen and then return the carriage to its righthand position.

It is. a feature of the invention also that after the carriage is returned to its righthand position additional line spacing movements may be imparted to the platen by the power-operated mechanism initiated by the depression of the carriage return key, or, if desired, by opera the usual 3% spacing lever.

The invention maybe briefly as consisting in certain novel detalls of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts which will be describedin the specification and set forth in the appended claims.

In'the accompanying sheets of drawings in which I have shown an embodiment which operates with high eiilciency,

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the typewriter;

Fig. sis a view similar to Fig.

describe, them only briefly.

The machine includes a main frame II) at the bottom of which is a sub-frame which, however, may be an integral part of the main frame. At the front is a keyboard composed of the usualkeyboard keys corresponding to all theprinting characters and, additionally, a case shift key and a carriage return and line spacing key.

The keys 12 are on key levers Ila mounted to swing on a fulcrum rod ii in a comb it which in this instance is supported by the sub-frame I I. The key levers have downward extensions ll which at their lower ends are extended rearwardly. Associated with the key levers" [2a are so-called slide levers l8 which are normally enaged by the lower rearwardly projecting ends of 3 the key levers, as shown in Fig. 1. These slide levers are adapted to be tilted rearwardly on the depression of the keys, and, after being tilted, they are adapted to he slid downwardly by the power-operated actuator to be referred to presently. Their upper ends are slotted and they are adapted to, pivot on the depression of the keys around a fulcrum rod is and they slide in an upper comb 20 and a lower comb 2| both supported by the sub-frame. They are normally held in their upper forward positions shown in they control.

lwithpartsinelevation but showing the position that the parts of-the power mechanism occupy when theclutch is engaged and the actuator is in its lowermost position; and

* Fig. 4 is a plan view showing a portion of the platen and a portion of the line spacing mechaiiism which is located at the upper lei'thand end of the machine.

g I will flrstrefer to those portionscf the type- Fig'. 1 by springs 22 connected to forward extensions Ila of the slide levers and to a plate attached to the bottom of the comb l6. All the character keys and their key levers are mechanq 35 ically independent of the type bars and the other keys of the keyboard are mechanically independent 'of the parts or mechanisms which However, the slide-levers it are mechanically connected to the type bars, one to 40- the universal bar, oneto the case shift, and one to the mechanisms for eflecting the line spacing andthe carriage return for," as will be subsequently explained, the depression of the keys simply tilts or swings the slide levers rearwardly about the fulcrum rod I! to a position tobe engaged by the. power-operated actuator which slides them downwardly accomplish the typewriting and other opera one. All of'the slide levers have rearward extensions Ill) and the extensions of all of these slide levers except the one which causes the operation of the line spaci and carriage return in are connected to adjustable linksflt which extend upwardly being mounted in a tion and are mounted ona fulcrum wire 29 mounted in the usual segment 80. This seginent receives the-usual universal bar 3! which is operated each time a type bar is swung to printing position to actuate the escapement mechanism which is not hereshown but which is preferably such as Iscustomarily employed in standard typewriters. I have shown the platen conventionally at 82 mounted in the usual manner on the cylinder shaft 33 journaled in the usual fashion in the carriage a portion of which is shown at '35, the carriage being mounted in the carriage frame 35 a portion of which is shown in the drawings and which may be of usual construction. The carriage is supported, as is customary, on a way rod 36 and on a front rod 31. The front rod 37, while it performs the usual carriage supporting function, has a special mounting and iscapable of slight endwise movement for a purpose to be explained presently. V

The platen is rotated for line spacing purposes by a ratchet 38 which is engaged by a pawl 39 pivoted to the line space plunger 40 which may be operated by the line space lever customarily employed on typewriters. It might be here stated that this plunger is adapted to be operated by the power mechanism both in connection with and independently of the carriage return through the depression of the carriage return key of the keyboard, as will be explained presently.

The space bar I! is mounted on a space bar shaft ll joumaled in brackets on the lower part of the comb I6, and this shaft is provided with a downwardly and rearwardly extending arm 4| which engages the rear edge of one of theslide levers l8 and is connected by one of the adjustable links 23 to a lever 42 on a shaft 43 supported by the main frame III. This shaft has an upwardly and rearwardly extending arm N which is' connected to an arm 45 of a rock shaft 46 supported by the main frame, the rock shaft having an upper arm 41 connected to a rearward extension 48 of the universal bar. In consequence, the universal bar is not only operated when the type bars are swung to printing position but may be operated by the depression of the space bar for word spacing all, however, through the movements imparted to the slide levers by-the power driven actuator.

I have not here illustrated the case shift as it is notclaimed herein but is illustrated and claimed in my companion application referred to above. As explained in my companion application, the case shift may be effected by shifting the carriage or shifting the segment, but, asiilus- -tratediim my companion application, it is accomplished by shifting the carriage through the of parts which engage the carriage and which are connected to one of the slide levers v v r with one of the keys of the keyboard and adaptedto' be first tilted and then swung downwardly precisely as is the case with the slide levers associated with the other keys.

similar to the ordi-.

2,198,006 from the rearward extensions 18b. The'slide I employ a motor, preferably an electric motor 49, which in this instance is mounted on the rear of the sub-frame II. The shaft of the motor is provided with. two pulleys and drives constantly, as long as the motor is in operation, two

- belts 50 and 5!. The belt 50 extends forwardly into the sub-frame and passes about a normally loose pulley forming a part of a clutch designated as a whole by the reference character 52. Inside this pulley isa. hub which is mounted on a short shaft journaled in hearings on the base of the sub-frame. At one end of this shaft is a crank which is adapted to swing an arm 53 mounted on a shaft 54 extending across the sub-frame. This shaft is provided at its ends with two arms at the forward free ends of which is a normally stationary actuator 56 which, when the clutch is engaged, is adapted to swing downwardly and then upwardly where it is stopped in its uppermost position. The downward swinging movement is the power stroke of the actuator, and during this stroke it shifts downwardly one of the slide levers iii to the position shown in Fig. 3, the particular slide lever having been tilted rearwardly by the actuation of the correspondin key of the keyboard so as to bring the rearward extension or shoulder lac beneath the actuator. When the slide lever is moved downwardly, as just stated, it passes in front of a lock bar 51 which prevents the shoulder l 8c from sliding outwardly from beneath the actuator during its power stroke. As the actuator returns to its uppermost position where it stops by reason of the disengagement of the clutch, the spring 22 restores the slide lever to its previous normal position shown in Fig. 1.

When any of the slide levers I8 is tilted or swung rearwardly by the depression of the corresponding key of the keyboard, not only is the shoulder I 8c of that slide lever moved rearwardly in position to be engaged by the actuator 56, but, at the same time, the lower part of the slide lever engages and moves rearwardly a universal trip bar 58 so as tocause the engagement of the clutch- 52. This trip bar extends across the lower part of the machine at the rearv of the slide levers and it is supported on the lower ends of two arms 59 pivotally supported by the subframe.

The clutch 52 is of the type composed of a freely nmning outer pulley and a normally stationary hub which is adapted to be clutched to the pulley by a roller movable in a notch on the face of the hub and normally held by the clutch disengaging means in the wider part of the notch so as to keep the clutch normally disengaged. When this roller is released, the springs which act on it move it forwardly into the narrow part of the notch, causing the instant ena ement of the clutch. This type of clutch is well known and it is thought unnecessary to 11- lustrate the details herein particularly as it is shown in my companion application referred to above.

The clutch is normally held in disengaged condition by a yoke 60 which at its rear end engages in front of a pair of buttons at the outer ends of the roller of the clutch so as to retain the roller in the wider part of the slot against the action of the springs. The yoke is plvotally mounted Fig. 1 by a spring 6|. The front end of this yoke is beveled and it is normally 62 on a spring-Pressed 9118 -8 1 y a P latch i3 mounted on a lever 54 connected to the rear end of a link 65 whose forward end is connected to the universal trip bar 58. When the clutch is disengaged, the latch 63 engages a pin 66 fixed to the lever 64.

The arrangement is such that when the universal trip bar is swung rearwardly-the link 65 swings the lever 64 toward the left as the same is viewed in Fig. 1. This causes the pin 52 to cam the forward end of the yoke 60 upwardly and its rear ends downwardly, tripping the clutch, but immediately after the clutch is tripped or engaged, the pin 62 passes under the lower point of the bevel at the forward end of the yoke, whereupon the yoke is restored by the spring 6| to its former position and again re-engages the buttons on the rotating hub so as to disengage the clutch after it has made one revolution. Meanwhile, the actuator 56 has been moved downwardly and then upwardly through one cycle of movement and has been again restored to its normal stationary position shown in Fig. 1. Likewise, the trip bar and the slide lever which were previously actuated have been returned to their normal positions.

Coming now to the parts more directly involving the invention claimed in this application, namely, the mechanism for performing line spacing and carriage return operations, I utilize as a part of the mechanism for performing these operations a stiff rail 61 I see particularly-Fig. 2) which ex tends horizontally across the upper rear part' of the machine and at opposite ends'haspin and slot connections-with two brackets 68 which are attached to the rear corners of the carriage frame. Obviously, by reason' of the pin and slot. connections between this rail and the carriage frame, when the rail is moved to the left as the machine is viewed from the'rear, as in Fig. 2, the rail will first move relative to the carriage a distance depending upon the length of the slots and then will move the carriage frame itself and, in fact, effect the carriage return.

For the purpose of: moving the rail 61 (and the parts which are actuated by it), I employ a species'of normally open or disengaged clutch consisting in this instance of two rubber rollers 69 and 10 which are normally spread apart, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to be out of driving rela tion with the railbut are adapted to be brought together so as to pinch the rail between them and thus move the rail in an endwise direction. As-

driven constantly by the belt ,.5l as long as'the motor 49 is in operationj The upper end of the shaft is journaled in a bracket 14 which is attached to the upper rear part of the frame In, as most clearly shown in Fig. 2, and pivoted to a portion of this bracket inwardly of the shaft II is an" arm I5 carrying the second roller"; Beneaththe rollers 69 and 'Hlare two gears 16 and "H by which rotation is transmitted fromthe shaft II to the inner roller [0,. the gears beingpartially in mesh at all times but only in full mesh when the arm 15 has been straightened, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to bring the two rollers into driving engagement with the rail 61. The gear 16 is fixed to theshaft H and the gear 11 and the roller I0 are on a short stud which is rotatably supported in the upper end of the arm 15.

The rollers 69 and 10 are adapted to be spread apart or brought together by a toggle composed of two links 18 one pivotally connected to'the lower part of the bracket 14 and the other pivotally connected to the arm 15. The center of the toggle is adapted to be pulled downwardly so as to spread the rollers and to be moved upwardly to or slightly beyond center position so as to bring the rollers into driving engagement with the rail 6! by a toggle operating rod 19 which at its lower end is connected to an arm on a rock shaft 8| mounted inthe rear part of the sub-frame andhaving an arm 82 which is connected by a link 83 to the downwardly extending arm 84 ofa bell crank pivoted at 85 on the sub-frame and provided with a forwardly extending arm 86 theforward end of which is directly beneath the extension lb of the slide lever 18 which is associated with the carriage return key of the keyboard; thisparticular slide. lever being shown in Fig. 3. It is tobe noted that the extension lb of this particular slide lever is not connected by an adjustable link 23 toga lever above it as is the case with all of the other slide to swing the universal tripbar 58 rearwardly and engagethe clutch' 52. Whenthisaoccurs, the actuator makes one cycle of. movement as before, and on the power stroke shifts the slide lever i8 downwardly. As it does so, it rocks thebell crank composed of the arms 84 and 86, moving up-.

wardly the rod 19 and straightening the toggle composed of the links-l8; The rollers 69 andlfl are constantly rotating, and: it might be here stated that they rotate at the same. speed andin. a direction to move the rod-61 to'the right when.

the'machine is viewed from the front. When the toggle is straightened; therollers 69and 'lflimmediately engage the rail ii'l and: move it to the left as the'same is-viewed inFig. 2. As before stated, due to the pin and slot connection between the rail and its supporting bracket 68, it

first moves relative to "the carriage, and when the pins reach the'end of the slots, the carriage is moved to carriage return position or until: arr adjustable stop 81 (see Fig. 2-) Qn'thefront rod-'- 31 engages a projection 88 on thej'carriage frame;

When this occurs, theend ofg-the'front rod 3' engages the upper en'd of -a bell'crank 89 which is mountedon the righthand end of themain frame III, as 'best shown in Fig. 2. This -bell crank has an inwardly extending arm' the innerend of which is connected to a downwardly extending trip rod 90 the lower end of which-passes" through the forwardlyprojectingarrn 86 of the bell crank composed of the arms 84,86. At the lowerend of the rod beneath the arm 86 the rod has a shoulder-preferably in'the form'of-an' adjustable nut 9| which rocks the bell crank so as to pull the "rod19 "downwardly and break thetoggle composed of-the links I8,'thus stopping the driving action of the rollers 69 and 10 on the rail '61. Before this occurs, the ,slide' lev'er l8 which had previously rocked the'bellcrank '54',86

is out of the way and has been restored to its previous position by the associated spring 22.

The limited free movement of the rail 61 relative to the carriage frame is utilized by me for giving the platen 32 a line spacing movement, and, accordingly, I connect to the end of the rail 6''! (the righthand end when the machine is viewed from the rear as in Fig. 2) an arm 92 (see par-- connected by a link 95-to the usual line space plunger 40 previously referred to, and, as before stated, normally adapted to be operated by the line space lever. In Fig. 1 I have shown the normal position of the line space: plunger 40, and in Fig. 3 its position after it has been given the spacing stroke by the described mechanism equivalent to a one-space movement of the platen 32.

Thus it will be seen that when a character key of the keyboard is depressed, the associated slide lever is tilted rearwardly, the clutch 52 is engaged by the rearward movement of the universal trip bar 58, the actuator is given a power stroke downward, and then a return stroke which is followed by the disengagement-of the clutch,

and during thepower stroke the type bar associated with the key which has been depressed is swung to printing position so as to'cause the letter spacing through the usual escapement mechanism. For word spacing, the space bar I3.

crank 84, 88 and through the mechanism connected to it straightens the toggle and causes the rail 81 to be moved endwise. This endwise movement, as before stated, first results in a line spacing movement to be given to the platen and then the carriage is'returned to its righthand position, and through the action of the front rod 31 on the bell crank 89 it, the toggle is bro en and the rollers spread out of engagement with the rail 81. As previously stated, the front rod is not mounted in fixed position in the frame ll but-is capable of limited endwise movement, but this movement is opposed by a spring 96 (Fig. 2) which surrounds the lefthand end of the front rod between a shoulder on the main frame and a nut on the end of the rod. This spring cushions the blow when the projection 88 on the carriage engages the adjustable stop 81 and it serves also to give a slight return movement to the carriage after its return movement is completed, resultingin the slight return movement of the bell crank 89 and the downward movement of the rod 80 (by its own weight), thus lowering it to the position shown in Fig. l and permitting the subsequent operation whether simply for line spacing purposes or for both line spacing and carriage return.

It might be mentioned at this point also that upon the breaking of the toggle and the spreadd the partsconnected to...

ing of the rollers 69, 10 the'ra'il moves to the" right the distance permitted by the length of the sl'otsI This return-movement is caused by the spring 91 (Figs. 1 and 3) which is connected to the line space plunger 40 and normally returns 5 the plunger 40 and the line space lever as well as the pawl 39 to their normal positions. This return of the rail 81 makes it possible to impart subsequent line spacing movements by the depression of the carriage return key or both the m line spacing movement and the carriage return with the line spacing movement preceding the carriage return. The depression of the carriage return key when the carriage is at its righthar'id position simply results in slight endwise move- 16 mentof the rail 61 to the extent permitted by the length of the slots in the bracket 68. This movement imparts a line spacing movement to the platen in the manner explained, and each is followed by the necessary rocking of the bell crank 89 to .break the toggle. Since the line spacing operation through the action of the power mechanism is applied to a regular line space plunger to which the line space lever is attached, theopegztor may eifect whatever line spacing 26 operatio are desired after the carriage return by operating this lever in the usual manner.

While I have shown the preferred construction,

I do not desire to be confined to the precise details shown but aim in my claims to cover all 30 modifications which do not involve a departure from-the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a; carriage movable transversely thereon, 5 and means for giving the carriage its return movement comprising an endwise movable mem-- ber connected for movement with the carriage and a pair of driving members engageable with opposite sides of said member to move it end- 40 wise, and means for effecting driving engagement and disengagement of said driving members with said endwise movable member.

2. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a carriage movable transversely thereon, a and means for giving the carriage its return movement comprising an endwise movable member connected for movement with the carriage, driving means on each side of said member and 'engageable therewith to move it endwise, and a 50 toggle interconnecting the two driving means, and means for operating the toggle to clamp the two driving means against opposite sides of said endwise movable member.

3. In a machine of the character described, a 5 frame, a keyboard supported by the frame, a carriage movable transversely on the frame, and means for giving the carriage its return move- -ment comprising an endwise movable member two driving means with opposite sides of said endwise movable member.

KELLEY D. EVANS. 

